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Slides from Prof. Dave Walker's talk on the Fluid Volume of Oxygen ("RbClO4, Oxygen volumes and core/mantle interactions")

Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, New York, USA

Fluid Volume of Oxygen and core/mantle interactions page is at http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/~lachlan/volume_oxgen.html

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Some published papers and other talk notes on, and related to this work

"Synthesis and thermal decomposition of tetragonal RbClO4 and volume of fluid O2 from 2 to 9 GPa" D. Walker, G. Hughes, L. M. D. Cranswick, S. M. Clark, and S. Buhre, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (G3) Vol 2, October 2001. (http://www.agu.org/journals/gc/contents/vol2.shtml)

"O2 volumes at high pressure from KClO4 decomposition: D" as a siderophile element pump instead of a lid on the core." D. Walker, S.M. Clark, L.M.D. Cranswick, M.C. Johnson, R.L. Jones, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (G3), Vol 3, 23 November 2002. (http://www.agu.org/journals/gc/contents/indexes.shtml)

Zipped powerpoint file notes and Asbtract text for "Beyond Classical Rietveld Analysis - using Le Bail fitting of X-ray Powder Diffraction data to help answer the questions of the world: can the Earth's outer core contain Oxygen?" - for presentation,1:00pm - 28th April 2003 - The Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York, USA - by Lachlan M. D. Cranswick (CCP14 Secretary, Birkbeck University of London, UK)

As well as the precurser talk to the above, "Beyond Classical Rietveld Analysis using Le Bail fitting" by Lachlan M. D. Cranswick (CCP14 Secretary, Birkbeck University of London, UK) and Armel Le Bail (Universite du Maine, France) For presentation at IUCr 2002 - Geneva, Switzerland - M88: Beyond Classical Applications of the Rietveld Method, Thursday, August 15, 2002.

Slides

  1. Talk title: RbClO4, Oxygen volumes and core/mantle interactions : [Smallish JPG image of slide 1] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 1]

  2. Cartoon of telescope looking down : [Smallish JPG image of slide 2] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 2]

  3. Schematic of mantle and core : [Smallish JPG image of slide 3] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 3]

  4. Front page of Nature, 18th July 1996 - rotation of the inner core : [Smallish JPG image of slide 4] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 4]

  5. Exploring the Earth's core : [Smallish JPG image of slide 5] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 5]

  6. Did the core separate from the mantle : [Smallish JPG image of slide 6] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 6]

  7. Micrograph and rock : [Smallish JPG image of slide 7] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 7]

  8. Cross section : [Smallish JPG image of slide 8] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 8]

  9. Capobianco, Jones, v Drake ('93) : [Smallish JPG image of slide 9] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 9]

  10. Re187 to Os187, Pt190 to Os186, Pt190 to Os186 (old recycled crust vs not plausibly from crust) : [Smallish JPG image of slide 10] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 10]

  11. Osmium isotopic deviations (R.J. Walker et al.) : [Smallish JPG image of slide 11] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 11]

  12. Could this happen from grow of the inner core (Measure some D(solid metal/liquid metal) at 100 kbar to find out) : [Smallish JPG image of slide 12] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 12]

  13. Press and Walker Cell : [Smallish JPG image of slide 13] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 13]

  14. Walker Cell : [Smallish JPG image of slide 14] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 14]

  15. Schematic of WAlker Cell : [Smallish JPG image of slide 15] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 15]

  16. Multi-anvil press sample assembly : [Smallish JPG image of slide 16] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 16]

  17. Sample cross-section - GG-742 P-free 100 kilobar 1500 deg Celcius - 11 hours: [Smallish JPG image of slide 17] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 17]

  18. Sample cross-section - GG-742 P-free 100 kilobar 1500 deg Celcius - 11 hours: [Smallish JPG image of slide 18] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 18]

  19. Sample cross-section - GG-741 P-free 100 kilobar 1350 deg Celcius - 12 hours: [Smallish JPG image of slide 19] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 19]

  20. D(solid metal/liquid metal) - phosphorous free 100 kbars modest Sulfur : [Smallish JPG image of slide 20] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 20]

  21. Inner core - outer core fractionation hypothesis of RJ Walker is viable : [Smallish JPG image of slide 21] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 21]

  22. Front page - Properties of Earth and Planetary Materials at High Pressure and Temperature : [Smallish JPG image of slide 22] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 22]

  23. Photograph of an iron foil reacted with silicate perovskite : [Smallish JPG image of slide 23] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 23]

  24. MgO, FeO, Fe metal phase diagram : [Smallish JPG image of slide 24] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 24]

  25. Outer Core after Knittle and Jeanloz : [Smallish JPG image of slide 25] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 25]

  26. System Fe-O 300 kbar 2500 C (wustite and the shockwave volume of fluid oxygen) : [Smallish JPG image of slide 26] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 26]

  27. Thermal Decomposition of K chlorates : [Smallish JPG image of slide 27] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 27]

  28. Aerial Photograph of the Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, Cheshire, UK : [Smallish JPG image of slide 28] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 28]

  29. Beamline 16.4 at the Daresbury synchrotron : [Smallish JPG image of slide 29] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 29]

  30. 12mm Octahedra Assembly - fin to fin 101 geometry : [Smallish JPG image of slide 30] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 30]

  31. Energy Dispersive Diffraction patterns - 2000 kN - R KClO3 450 degrees Celcius, B2 KCl 650 degrees Celcius : [Smallish JPG image of slide 31] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 31]

  32. Plot of B2 KCl Equation of State - Birch Fits: [Smallish JPG image of slide 32] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 32]

  33. Plot of KClO3 Equation of State - Birch Fits : [Smallish JPG image of slide 33] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 33]

  34. Plot of KClO4 Equation of State - Birch Fits : [Smallish JPG image of slide 34] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 34]

  35. Oxygen volume (in cc / mol) at 550 degrees Celcius - KClO4 data : [Smallish JPG image of slide 35] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 35]

  36. System KCl-O2 as a function of pressure and temperature : [Smallish JPG image of slide 36] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 36]

  37. Oxygen volume (in cc / mol vs kbar) at 550 degrees Celcius - KClO4 and KClO3 data: [Smallish JPG image of slide 37] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 37]

  38. Temperature vs Pressure phase diagram RbClO4 to RbCl and O2 : [Smallish JPG image of slide 38] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 38]

  39. Energy Dispersive Diffraction patterns - 2000 kN - Tetragonal RbClO4 400 degrees Celcius, B2 KCl 575 degrees Celcius : [Smallish JPG image of slide 39] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 39]

  40. Equation of State of B2 RbCl - Birch Fits : [Smallish JPG image of slide 40] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 40]

  41. Volume O2 vs Pressure (KClO3, KClO4, RbClO4) : [Smallish JPG image of slide 41] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 41]

  42. System Fe-O, 300 kbar 2500C - using new EDX based volume of Oxygen : [Smallish JPG image of slide 42] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 42]

  43. Schematic of Primordial Magma Ocean : [Smallish JPG image of slide 43] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 43]

  44. ITO et al: Reactions between molten iron and silicate melts : [Smallish JPG image of slide 44] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 44]

  45. Schematic showing the core as a leaky dump - O2 is a siderophile element pump! (D" reaction now reconciled with V(O2) : [Smallish JPG image of slide 45] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 45]

  46. Conclusions : [Smallish JPG image of slide 46] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 46]

  47. Sample cross-section - GG-729 2% P 100 kilobar 1400 deg Celcius - 2.5 hours: [Smallish JPG image of slide 47] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 47]

  48. D(solid metal/liquid metal) - Phosphorous bearing - 100 kbars (D Re, Os, Pt, Fe, Ni) : [Smallish JPG image of slide 48] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 48]

  49. GG-741 Solid Metal / Liquid Metal : [Smallish JPG image of slide 49] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 49]

  50. Earth as viewed from the Moon : [Smallish JPG image of slide 50] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 50]

  51. LrCrO3 - Before and After : [Smallish JPG image of slide 51] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 51]

  52. Sample cross-section - GG-731 (no carbon coat) 2% P 100 kilobar 1450 deg Celcius - 3 minutes: [Smallish JPG image of slide 52] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 52]

  53. Sample cross-section - EM/DW#16 2% P 1450 deg Celcius 100 kilobar 6 minutes: [Smallish JPG image of slide 53] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 53]

  54. GG-741 100 kbar 12 hours 1350 C (Pt, Re, Os) : [Smallish JPG image of slide 54] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 54]

  55. Pressure (NaCl) v. Oxygen Volume - RbCl + 2xO2 = RbClO4 : [Smallish JPG image of slide 55] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 55]

  56. (at 1 bar) Oxygen 2- effective radius = 1.4 Angstrom; Diatomic Oxygen (O2) Separation = 1.2 Angstrom R=1.23 Angstrom: [Smallish JPG image of slide 56] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 56]

  57. Cartoon - Any numbers will do? : [Smallish JPG image of slide 57] | [Large 200 DPI JPG image of slide 57]


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