Terry Plank •

updated June 2012

Magmas and Volcanoes

is focused on magmas and volcanism. My tools are geochemical, and field work has taken me to Nicaragua, the Aleutians, the Basin and Range, and to sea.

My main contributions have been to the understanding of:

• Magma generation: quantifying the roles of decompression, temperature and water in driving mantle melting
•Crustal recycling at subduction zones, global fluxes of marine sediment subduction, melting and dehydration processes in the subduction zone
•Water content of magmas, and the effects on magma evolution and ultimately eruption

New Directions include:

• Timescales of magma ascent and relationship to eruptive style
• Relationships between magmatic temperatures and water contents to the seismic response of mantle melting regions

My research

Akutan Volcano, Aleutians (photo: Mike Jackson)

with Brian Jicha and R/V Tiglax:

Seguam Island, Aleutians (photo: Brad Singer)

Terry Plank, Professor (2008 - present )

Earth & Environmental Sciences,

Columbia University and

Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory

A.B., 1985, Dartmouth College

Ph.D., 1993, Columbia University

Postdoctoral Fellow, 1993-5, Cornell University

Assistant Professor, 1995-99, Univ of Kansas

Associate Professor, 1999-05, Boston University

Professor, 2005-2007, Boston University

Professor, 2008 - present, Columbia University

see below for pretty complete CV

Trying to volcanize my son, Sam, at Krafla, Iceland

Collecting baggies of black gold on Seguam, Aleutians

Terry Plank

Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, 61 Rte 9W, PO Box 1000, Palisades, NY 10964

845/365-8410 tplank@ldeo.columbia.edu

PROFESSIONAL APPOINTMENTS

2008-presentProfessor, Earth and Environmental Science, Columbia University

2005-2007 Professor, Earth Sciences, Boston University

1999-2005Associate Professor, Earth Sciences, Boston University

2002 (summer)Visiting Professor, Universite Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France

1995-1999Assistant Professor, University of Kansas

1998 (summer)Visiting Professor, University of Rennes, Rennes, France

1993-1995 Post-doctoral Fellow, Cornell University (W.M. White, supervisor)

EDUCATION:

1985-1992Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory at Columbia University,

Ph.D., Geosciences, with distinction, May 1993

Thesis title: Mantle Melting and Crustal Recycling at Subduction Zones.

Advisor: Charles H. Langmuir

1981-1985Dartmouth College

A.B., Earth Sciences, summa cum laude, 1985

Sr Thesis: Magmatic Garnets from the Cardigan Pluton, NH

Advisor: John B. Lyons

HONORS AND FELLOWSHIPS:

EarthScope Lecturer (2011-2012) • Fellow of the Geochemical Society (2011) • Mineralogical Society of America Distinguished Lecturer (2010-2011) • Fellow of the Mineralogical Society of America (2009) • Fellow of the American Geophysical Union (2008) • Ingerson Lecturer, Geochemical Society (2007) • MARGINS Distinguished Lecturer (2006) • Donath Young Scientist Medal, Geological Society of America (1998) • Fellow of the Geological Society of America (1998) • Houtermans Young Scientist Medal, European Assoc'n Geochemistry (1998) • Joint Oceanographic Institutions/USSAC Distinguished Lecturer (1994-5) • National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship (1993-4) • Heezen Prize for Excellence in Research, Lamont-Doherty Earth Obs. (1991) • JOI/USSAC Ocean Drilling Program Fellowship (1998-90) • National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship (1985-88) • John Ebers Geology Award, Dartmouth College (1985) • Upham Geology Prize, Dartmouth College (1985) • Summer Undergraduate Research Fellow, GSO, U. Rhode Island (1984) • Phi Beta Kappa, Dartmouth College (1984)

FIELD WORK:

2010Sample collecting, Mojave Desert, CA

2009Sample collecting, Uinkaret Volcanic Field, W. Grand Canyon, AZ

2008Sample collecting, Crater Flat, NV and Big Pine Volcanic Field, CA

2007Sample collecting, Seguam island and volcano, Aleutians

2005Sample collecting, Akutan volcano, Aleutians

1996Sample collecting: Nicaragua volcanoes

1989Sample collecting: Popocatepetl volcano, Mexico.

1987Sample collecting: Zambales ophiolite and Bulusan volcano, Philippines

1984-5Sample collecting: Cardigan pluton, New Hampshire

SHIPBOARD EXPERIENCE:

1999Co-Chief Scientist, JOIDES Resolution., ODP Leg 185. Mariana-Izu

1992Shipboard Scientist, R/V Atlantis II. Dredging and rock coring the

Mid Atlantic Ridge near the Azores (30-40°N).

1989Shipboard Scientist, R/V Thomas Washington.

Dredging and Seabeam mapping of the East Pacific Rise 8-12°N.

1988Shipboard Scientist, SEDCO/BP 471, JOIDES Resolution.

Igneous Petrologist, ODP Leg 123, Argo Abyssal Plain.

1988Shipboard Scientist, R/V Moana Wave. Dredging and SEAMARC II survey of the Australian-Antarctic Discordance, Indian Ocean.

Professional Activities (Past 10 years)

2112Steering Committee for Reservoirs and Fluxes, Deep Carbon Observatory

2112-2015NAS: U.S. National Committee for Geodesy and Geophysics

2011-2012EarthScope Distinguished Lecturer

2011Co-convener, Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary (EarthScope Institute)

2010Lecturer, CIDER (Cooperative Institute for Dynamic Earth Research)

2008-2011Member, EarthScope Science Steering Committee

2008-2011Member, Advisory Board for ELEMENT Magazine (Geochemical Soc.)

2008-2011Member, AGU Fellows Nominating Committee, Volc-Geoch-Petrol

2006-2008Secretary and Fall Meeting Planning, AGU, Volcanology-Petrology Section

2007Member, Organizing Committe, Workshop to Integrate Subduction Studies in Central America; Heredia, Costa Rica, June, 2007

2006MARGINS Distinguished Lecturer

2005Member, Evaluation Committee, IFM-GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany

2005-2007Member, SOTA (State of the Arc) 2007 program committee

2004-2006Member, USArray Advisory Committee to IRIS/EarthScope

2005Member, EarthChem Science Advisory Committee

2005Co-convener, Goldschmidt Conference Subduction Magmatism Session

2004Member, Review Panel, NSF GEO-MARGINs

2003Participant & invited speaker, CIDER (Coop. Instit. for Deep Earth Res.) Pt. Reyes

2003Session Chair, Gordon Conference on the Deep Earth, Mt. Holyoke

2003Member SAMPLES (Sample Archive and Management PLanning for the Earth Sciences)

2002-2003Bowen Award Committee, VGP Section, AGU

2001-2003Assoc. Editor, Oceanic Inputs to the Subduction Factory, Special Volume,G3

2001Participant & contributor to Science Plan: EARTHSCOPE Workshop, Utah

2001Co-convener, Processes within the Subduction Factory, AGU Fall Mtg.

Keynote Talks (past 10 years)

2011 Symposium on "Frontiers in Earth Surface System Interactions" Yale University:

"From the Slab to the Eruption, the Water Cycle at Subduction Zones"

2010 MARGINS Successor Program Workshop (San Antonio, Texas):

"The Production and Fate of Fluids and Magmas at Active Margins"

2009 MARGINS Volatiles Theoretical and Experimental Institute (Mt. Hood, OR):

"Volatile Recycling at Subduction Zones"

2009 INVEST (IODP New Ventures in Exploring Scientific Targets; Bremen, Germany:

"Down and Back Again: Cycles and Growth at Convergent Margins"

2009 CIDER (Coop. Instit. for Deep Earth Res.): "Melting Regions in the Mantle"

2007 Ingerson Lecture, Geochemical Society: "Squeezing Water from a Stone"

2006 MARGINS Distinguished Lecture: "Water in Arc Magmas"

2005 Developments in Isotope Geochemistry, Max Planck Inst-Geochimie, Mainz, Germany

"Water Recycling from the Surface to the Solid Earth: The Fate of the Oceans"

2005 Gordon Conference on Chemical Oceanography, Tilton, NH

"Crustal Recycling at Subduction Zones"

2004 Australian Geological Convention, Hobart Tasmania

"Using Melt Inclusions to Probe the Mantle Melting Process at Subduction Zones"

2002 NSF-IREE MARGINS Izu-Bonin-Mariana Subduction Factory Workshop, Hawaii

“Subduction Inputs to the IBM System”

Students: Primary Advisor or Co-Advisor

Meghan Crowley (Ph.D.; Columbia/LDEO, in progress)

Claire Bendersky (Ph.D.; Columbia/LDEO, in progress)

Alex Lloyd (Ph.D.; Columbia Univ/LDEO., in progress)

Timothy Greene (B.A., Columbia Univ., senior thesis, 2011) “The Origin of Volcanism in Papua New Guinea”

Lauren Cooper (Ph.D.; Boston Univ., 2009) "Volatiles in Tonga arc magmas and their role in unraveling subduction zone processes. " Now at: ETH, Zurich, Switzerland.

Mindy Zimmer (Ph.D.; Boston Univ., 2008) "Water in Aleutian Magmas: Its Origins in the Subduction Zone and its Effects on Magma Evolution" Went on to: Exxon Research, Clinton, NJ, Postdoctoral Fellow. Now at: Los Alamos National Lab

Jennifer Wade (Ph.D., Boston Univ., 2008) “Constraints on the Central American Slab Fluid Composition from Arc Melt Inclusions and Phenocrysts” Went on to: Library of Congress, Washington, DC, Post-doctoral fellow. Now at: NSF, EAR.

Kevin Schrecengost (B.A., Boston Univ., senior thesis, 2007) “Using thermobarometry to determine the pressure of crystallization of Aleutian magmas” Went on to: University of North Carolina, MA program.

Kathryn Grover (B.A., Boston Univ., senior thesis, 2006) “Magmatic water content in Aleutian Volcanoes”

Ezra Benjamin (M.A., Boston Univ., 2004) "Water content of a hypothetically dry magma: The 1723 and 1963 eruptions of Irazu Volcano, Costa Rica" Now at: Enviornmental Resource Management, Boston.

Katherine Kelley (Ph.D.; Boston Univ., 2004) “Trench inputs and arc outputs in the Mariana-Izu-Bonin Subduction Factory” Now at: Graduate School of Oceanography, Univ. of Rhode Island, NSF-ADVANCE Faculty Fellow, Associate Professor.

Michael Hamilton (B.A., Boston Univ., senior thesis, 2003) “Using phenocryst composition as a water proxy in Alamagan lavas, Marianas Islands” Went on to: Univ. of Northern Arizona MA program

Linda Farr (M.S., Boston Univ., 2002) “Mineral hosts of uranium in the altered oceanic crust and mechanisms controlling its distribution: a laser ablation-ICPMS study. Now at: Miami Dade College, Faculty.

Vaughn Balzer (M.S.; Kansas; 1999)“Late Miocene history of sediment subduction & recycling

as recorded in the Nicaraguan volcanic arc” Now at: Oregon State Geological Survey

Kefa Wang (Ph.D., Kansas; 1999) “Crust-mantle interactions and mantle chemical systematics

during Basin and Range extension, SW USA: Evidence from late Cenozoic volcanic rocks”

Now at: Sprint Communications, Kansas City.

Chris Spies (B.S., Kansas, senior thesis, 1999) “Geochemical variations in recent Nicaragua

and Costa Rica volcanics”

Post-Doctoral Research scientists mentored:

David Ferguson(Ph.D., Oxford University, 2011)LDEO 2011-2013

Elizabeth Ferriss (Ph.D., University of Michigan, 2009) LDEO 2011-2013

Philipp Ruprecht (Ph.D., University of Washington, 2009) LDEO 2009-2012

Esteban Gazel (Ph.D., Rutgers University, 2009) LDEO 2009-2011

Assistant Professor, Virginia Tech, 2011 -

Courses Taught (n = students enrolled; X = average score for overall performance; 5.0 is highest score)

Columbia University:

SCNC C1000 Frontiers of Science (w/ 5 others)Spring 2012n > 500X= 4.0

EESC 3101: Geochemistry/Habitable PlanetFall 2011n=17X= 4.2

EESC 9701: Seminar on Volcanic EruptionsFall 2011n=X= na

EESC 9701: Seminar in Volcanism & ExtensionSpring 2011n=5X= 5.0

SCNC C1000 Frontiers of Science (w/ 5 others)Spring 2011n > 500X= 4.2

EESC 3101: Geochemistry/Habitable PlanetFall 2010n=7X= 4.5

SCNC C1000 Frontiers of Science (w/ 5 others)Spring 2010n= 546X= 3.8

EESC 3101: Geochemistry/Habitable PlanetFall 2009n=15X= 4.5

SCNC C1000 Frontiers of Science (w/ 5 others)Spring 2009n= 500X= 3.8

EESC 2200: Earth System: Solid Earth (w/ Menke)Fall 2008n=29X= 4.0

EESC 9701: Seminar in Volcano PetrologyFall 2008n=9X= 4.3

EESC 9701: Seminar in Volatiles (w/Hofmann)Fall 2008n=4X= na

Active Funded Projects:

"Collaborative Research: Hawaiian and Subplinian Basaltic Volcanism: Constraints on Eruption Dynamics from Kilauea"

National Science Foundation (CH) EAR-1145177

with B. Houghton (Hawaii), Gonnermann (Rice), Hauri (Carnegie)

"Integrating Seismological, Rheological and Petrological Studies of Melt Production and Transport in Subduction Zones"

National Science Foundation (CSEDI) EAR-1067974

with Abers (LDEO-PI), B. Holzman (LDEO), K. Fisher (Brown), D. Wiens (WUSTL), G. Hirth (Brown)

"EarthScope Institute: The Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary"

National Science Foundation (EarthScope Science) EAR-1059661

with A. Trehu (PI), C. Conrad (Hawaii), C. Dalton (Boston), G. Hirth (Brown)

“Collaborative Research: Volatile Loss During Magma Ascent and Cooling”

National Science Foundation (Petrology & Geochemistry) EAR-0948533

with E. Hauri (CIW)

“Collaborative Research: Mantle dynamics and magmatism across the Basin and Range”

National Science Foundation (Earthscope Science). EAR-07-45797

with D. Forsyth (Brown) and C-T. Lee (Rice)

“Collaborative Research: How is rifting exhuming the youngest HP/UHP rocks on Earth?”

National Science Foundation (CD: Continental Dynamics). EAR-0814236

with Abers (LDEO), S. Baldwin (Syracuse), P. Mann (Texas), B. Hacker (UCSB), J. Gaherty & R.Buck (Lamont/Columbia)

PUBLICATIONS: see full list on Publications page

Total number publications (1987 - 2011): 53

Total number citations (1987 - 2011):4152

h index: 25

most cited publications: ** (n > 100) * (n > 50)

You can find the full chronological list of my publications, and links to many of them, on a separate page. Here I clump selected papers into topics that have characterized my work:

Papers on Magma Generation in the Mantle:

Gazel, E., Plank, T. Forsyth, D., Bendersky, C., Lee, C-T.A., Hauri, E.H. Lithosphere vs. Asthenosphere Sources at Big Pine Volcanic Field. Accepted G-cubed, May, 2012.

Kelley, K.A., Plank, T., Newman, S., Stolper, E. Grove, T.L., Parman, S. and Hauri, E. (2010) Mantle melting as a function of water content beneath the Mariana arc. Journal of Petrology, doi:10.1093/petrology/egq036.

Lee, C-T., Luffi, P., Plank, T., Dalton, H., Leeman, W.P. (2009) Constraints on the depths and temperatures of basaltic magma generation on Earth and other terrestrial planets using new thermobarometers. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 279: 20-33.

Wiens, D.A., Kelley, K. and Plank, T. (2006) Mantle temperature variations beneath back-arc spreading centers inferred from seismology, petrology and bathymetry. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 248: 30-42.

* Kelley, K.A., Plank, T., Newman, S., Stolper, E. Grove, T.L. and Hauri, E. (2006) Mantle melting as a function of water content at subduction zones. I: Back-arc Basins. J. Geophysical Research, 111: B09208.

* Wang, K., Plank, T., Walker, J.D. and Smith, E.I. (2002) A mantle melting profile across the Basin and Range, SW USA. J. Geophys. Res., 107: 10.1029/2001JB000209, ECV 5-1-21.

Plank, T., M. Spiegelman, C.H. Langmuir and D. Forsyth (1995) The meaning of "Mean F": Clarifying the mean extent of melting at ocean ridges, Journal of Geophysical Research, 100, 15045-15052.

** Langmuir, C.H., E.M. Klein and T. Plank (1992) Petrological systematics of mid-ocean ridge basalts: Constraints on melt generation beneath ocean ridges. In Mantle Flow and Melt Generation at Mid-Ocean Ridges, J. Phipps-Morgan, D.K. Blackman and J. Sinton, eds., AGU Geophysical Monograph, 71, 183-280.

** Plank, T. and C.H. Langmuir (1992) Effects of the melting regime on the composition of the oceanic crust, Journal of Geophysical Research, 97, 19749-19770.

** Plank, T. and C.H. Langmuir (1988) An evaluation of global variations in the major element chemistry of arc basalts. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 90, 349-370.

Papers on Volatile Contents Magmas:

Lloyd, A.S., Plank, T., Ruprecht, P., Hauri, E. and Rose, W. Volatile Loss from Melt Inclusions in Pyroclasts of Differing Sizes. Submitted to CMP, 2 April, 2012

Ruscitto, D., P.J. Wallace, † L. Cooper and T. Plank (2012) Global Variations in H2O/Ce II: Relationships to Arc Magma Geochemistry and Volatile Fluxes. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 13, Q03025, 27 PP., doi:10.1029/2011GC003887

Parman, S.W., Grove, T.L., Kelley, K.A. and Plank, T. (2011) Along-arc variations in the pre-eruptive H2O contents of magmas inferred from fractionation paths. Journal of Petrology, 52: 257-278, doi:10.1093/petrology/egq079 .

Zimmer, M.M., T. Plank, E.H. Hauri, G.M. Yogodzinski, P. Stelling, J. Larsen, B. Singer, B. Jicha, Mandeville, C. and C.J. Nye (2010) The role of water in generating the calc-alkaline trend: New volatile data for Aleutian magmas and a new tholetiitic index. Journal of Petrology, 51: 2411-2444, doi:10.1093/petrology/egq062.

Cooper, L. B., T. Plank, R. J. Arculus, E. H. Hauri, P. S. Hall, and S. W. Parman (2010), High-Ca boninites from the active Tonga Arc, J. Geophys. Res., 115, B10206, doi:10.1029/2009JB006367.

Wade, J., Plank, T., Zimmer, M., Hauri, E., Roggensack, K., Kelley, K. (2008) Prediction of magmatic water contents via measurement of H2O in clinopyroxene phenocrysts. Geology, v. 36: 799-802.

Benjamin, E.R., Plank, T., Wade, J.A., Kelley, K.A., Hauri, E.H., Alvarado, G.E. (2007) High water contents in basaltic magmas from Irazu Volcano, Costa Rica. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 168: 68-92.

Wade, J.A., Plank, T., Melson, W.G., Soto, G.J. and Hauri, E. (2006) The volatile content of magmas from Arenal volcano. J. Volcan. Geotherm. Res., 157: 94-120.

Papers on the Sediment Subduction and Recycling:

Plank, T. The chemical composition of subducting sediments. Treatise on Geochemistry, second edition. Revised, March 2012.

Vervoort, J.D., Plank, T., and Prytulak, J. (2011) The Hf-Nd isotopic composition of marine sediments. Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta, 75: 5903-5926.

Chauvel, C., Marini, J-C., Plank, T., Ludden, J.N. (2009) Hf-Nd input flux in the Izu-Mariana subduction zone and recycling of subducted material in the mantle. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 10, Q01001, doi:10.1029/2008GC002101.

Plank, T. and van Keken, P. (2008) News and Views, Geodynamics: Ups and downs of sediments. Nature Geoscience, v.1, p. 17-18.

Plank, T., Kelley, K.A., Murray, R.W., and Quintin-Stern L. (2007) Chemical composition of sediment subducting at the Izu-Bonin trench. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst, v. 8/4, Q04I16, doi:10.1029/2006GC001444, 16 pp.

Prytulak, J., Vervoort, J.D., Plank, T., and Yu, C. (2006) Astoria Fan sediments, DSDP Site 174, Cascadia Basin: Hf-Nd-Pb Constraints on Provenance and Outburst Flooding. Chemical Geology, 233: 276-292.

Chan, L-H., Leeman, W.P. and Plank, T. (2006) Lithium isotopic composition of marine sediments, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst, v. 7, Q06005, doi:10.1029/2005GC001202.

Ludden, J., Plank, T. Larson, R. and Escutia, C. (2006) ODP Leg 185: Sampling the oldest crust in the ocean basins to understand Earth's geodynamic and geochemical fluxes. Leg Synthesis. Proc. ODP, Sci. Res. [Online]. <http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/185_IR/185ir.htm>.

George, R., Turner, S., Morris, J.D, Plank, T., Hawkesworth, C.J. and Ryan, J. (2005) Pressure-temperature-time paths of sediment recycling beneath the Tonga-Kermadec arc. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 233: 195-211.

** Plank, T. (2005) Constraints from Th/La on sediment recycling at subduction zones and the evolution of the continents. J. Petrology, 46 (5), 921-44, doi:10.1093/petrology/egi005.

Plank, T., Balzer, V. and Carr, M. (2002) Nicaraguan volcanoes record paleoceanographic changes accompanying closure of the Panama gateway. Geology, v. 30: 1087-1090.

** Johnson, M. C., and T. Plank (1999) Dehydration and melting experiments constrain the fate of subducted sediments, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 1: doi:10.1029/1999GC000014.

** Plank, T. and Langmuir, C.H. (1998) The chemical composition of subducting sediment: implications for the crust and mantle. Chemical Geology, 145: 325-394.

** Plank, T. and C.H. Langmuir (1993) Tracing trace elements from sediment input to volcanic output at subduction zones, Nature, 362, 739-743.