The impact of sea level data assimilation on the Lament model prediction of the 1997/98 El Nino

Assimilating the sea level data from tropical Pacific tide gauges greatly improved the Lament model prediction of the 1997/98 El Nino while retaining its overall performance during the past few decades. The implication is that the Lament forecast system is limited by the observational data used for initialization probably probably as much as by its simplified model physics. The sea level measurements in the vicinity of the equator are extremely effective in correcting the model ocean state and preconditioning it for ENSO prediction.