Planet Earth (Earth & Environmental Science V1053y)

Example Proposal #4:

	
The Earthquake: Can it be predicted?

One of the most intriguing, yet destructive works of
nature is the earthquake. Earthquakes throughout recorded
history have claimed the lives of thousands of people while
also causing billions of dollars in damages.  Recently,
geologists and seismologists have begun to understand very
important details concerning earthquakes.  We have discovered
different types of earthquakes, the magnitudes of the quakes,
the epicenters of earthquakes, and the reasons why many regions
are earthquake prone. Still, even with this vast array of
knowledge, no scientist has been able to consistently predict
when and where an earthquake will strike. Today, research
continues to try and solve this crucial problern, and in my
opinion, a method of predicting earthquakes would be very
beneficial. The lives it could save and the damages it could
prevent would be priceless. As a Southern California Native,
I have often been perplexed over the fact that we cannot predict
a quake. Through my experiences, I have noticed many happenings
which occur before earthquakes and I believe these actions could
be linked to a strong prediction.  So with the problem
of no Predictions of earthquakes at task, I will use my
experiences and my minor knowledge of earthquakes themselves
to try and offer a possible solution.

To start, I would like to discuss a few occurrences
which take place prior to earthquakes. These are frequently
observed happenings, which to my knowledge, are not yet
considered in the scientific realm as legitimate predictors.
Next to my bed I have a very large fishtank with a very lively
fish in it.  Before an earthquake, the fish hides behind a
rock, and does not come out of hiding until several days after
the quake. Well I realize a fish is a small creature, and
it would be hard for one to capture the "feelings" a fish
has; but most other animals perform similar behavorial
differences durincg quakes.  Our family Bassett Hound becomes
very uneasy during earthquake periods, and a friend's dog
normally tries to jump into bed with its master whenever it
senses an earthquake. Animals must have an extra sense, or 
else they must receive some specific signal, which people
cannot pick up, when an earthquake is about to take place.
I propose that seismologists and neurologists need to team
together and devise a way to capture the earthquake "signal"
that animals respond to. I have never been a proponent for
animal creulty, but if we could learn how to predict
earthquakes by hooking up wires to the brain of a dog, I think
I could deal with it. Earthquakes might give off a type of
high-frequency sound wave, like a dog whistle, which only
animals can hear. I think it would be worth the time, money,
and yes, the animals, to find out what warns animals of
earthquakes.

| Another way to solve this problem is to use actual
scientific facts, which will allow one to predict earthquakes.
It seems to me that if one were to chart the rock types in
a region and their elasticity, then one would be able to see
if an earthquake is about to occur. Scientists are able to
see how much stress is presently on a given area of rock.
They are also able to calculate the amount of stress a rock
can handle before it breaks and rebounds back to its original
position. With these two pieces of information, it seems
logical that seismologists and geologists could predict when
a given fault is about to give way.

My next proposal for predicting quakes may seem very
risky, or maybe even absurd, but I believe it might help improve
our current situation.  Earthquakes occur because of a releasing
of stress or pressure on the rocks.  Scientists have proven
that much of the stress in subduction zones is due to the
presence of water in the rock. Water is impossible to compress,
and this creates lots of pressure in these areas.  A few years
back, oil companies and the government proved that by forcing
water into the ground, small earthquakes will occur.  With
this knowledge in hand, I think one could best predict an
earthquake by creating or forcing an earthquake.  Why couldn't
we find the highest stressed areas in a region and apply more
pressure to them? One would need to invent a much more advanced
drilling strategy in order to reach farther down into the
earth, but once this were accomplished I am confident that
my idea of "forced earthquakes" would become a reality. If
our water pressure attempts fail, there are still explosives
which can be used. It would cause an earthquake, but we would
have ample warning.  By creating quakes, one would be relieving
stress, therefore lessening the chances of further quakes.
It wouldn't be prudent to do this in the middle of Los Angeles,
but if we did it in the desert, maybe some of the stress could
be released from the L.A. region. If we could make a controlled
environment for earthquakes by pumping water into the earth,
I believe we could relieve the rock stress, and in turn
eliminate the need to predict a quake. Why try and guess,
when you can control and know the exact time and location
of the earthquake?  Not all quakes will be completely
eliminated, and there is a chance we could set off a "big
one;" but I think by cutting the stress in one place it can
have an alternate and beneficial effect on the entire region.

The idea of earthquake prediction has been a long-time
goal for many geologists and seismologists, but few have come
even remotely close to a consistent system for predicting
quakes. China, a place prone to destructive earthquakes,
has reportedly been using the help of animals to predict quakes,
but nothing solid has been discovered. We need to strive
for a discovery of a reliable predictor, and realize the
importance of such knowledge. To be able to evacuate an entire
area before a quake claims innocent victims would be
incredible. Along with finding a valuable source for
predictions, we would also learn new pieces of information
pertaining to earthquakes and the rest of the planet we live
on. The problem of not being able to see an eartllquake coming
has often been puzzling to myself; and I believe we need to
test every possible situation (no matter how strange), including
the ones I have mentioned, in order to find an undisputable
predictor.


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