#======================================================================

#                    doc: Sat May 22 21:35:55 2010

#                    (c) 2010 A.M. Thurnherr

#======================================================================

# HISTORY:

#	May 22, 2010: - created

#	May 24, 2010: - added editSideLobesFromSeabed()

#	Oct 29, 2010: - added editCorr_Earthcoords

#	Dec 20, 2010: - BUG: DISTANCE_TO_BIN1_CENTER & BIN_LENGTH had been

#						 interpreted as along-beam, rather than vertical

#				  - replaced editPitchRoll by editTilt

#	Dec 25, 2010: - adapted to changes in [LADCP_w]

#	Aug  3, 2011: - added editTruncRange()

#	Oct 10, 2011: - added editFalsePositives()

#				  - BUG: when earth velocities were edited, all were

#						 counted, not just those between first and lastBin

#	Oct 11, 2011: - moved defaults to [defaults.pl]

#	Oct 12, 2011: - added &editSurfLayer()

#				  - BUG: editSideLobes() was slightly loose

#	Oct 15, 2011: - added editWOutliers()

#	Oct 20, 2011: - added editFarBins()

#	Oct 27, 2011: - adapted editTilt() to new call location

#				  - added correctAttitude()

#	Oct 15, 2012: - BUG: editSurfLayer() counted also ensembles without CTD depth

#	Nov 12, 2013: - added comments on editCorr_Earthcoords()

#	Mar  4, 2013: - added support for missing PITCH/ROLL (TILT) & HEADING

#	May 20, 2014: - added editPPI()

#	May 21, 2014: - got it to work correctly

#				  - croak -> error

#	Sep 26, 2015: - added $vessel_draft to editSideLobes

#	Jan 23, 2016: - added &editBadTimeLagging()

#	May 18, 2016: - removed assumption of 1500m/s soundspeed setting

#   May 24, 2016: - calc_binDepths() -> binDepths()

#	May 28, 2016: - added editResiduals_rmsMax, editResiduals_deltaMax

#	Jun  2, 2016: - added applyTiltCorrection()

#				  - maded editCorr_Earthcoords() less conservative

#				  - verified that removed velocities are counted correctly

#	Jun  3, 2016: - BUG: applyTiltCorrection() did not use gimbal_pitch

#	Jun  6, 2016: - removed applyTiltCorrection()

#	Oct 13, 2017: - BUG: editPPI() only allowed for nominal transducer frequencies

#	May  1, 2018: - added editLargeHSpeeds()

#	Nov 17, 2018: - BUG: spurious letter "z" had crept in at some stage

# NOTES:

#	- all bins must be edited (not just the ones between $LADCP_firstBin

#	  and $LADCP_lastBin to allow reflr calculations to use bins outside

#	  this range (ONLY FOR BEAM-COORD EDITS)

#	- however, to make the stats work, only the edited velocities

#	  inside the bin range are counted for those edit functions that

#	  report their stats wrt $nvw (for those which use $nvv,

#	  all velocities must be counted)

#======================================================================

# correctAttitude($ens,$pitch_bias,$roll_bias,$heading_bias)

#	- attitude bias correction

#	- this is called before gimbal_pitch is calculated

#======================================================================

sub correctAttitude($$$$)

{

	my($ens,$pitch_bias,$roll_bias,$heading_bias) = @_;

	$LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{PITCH}   -= $pitch_bias 	if defined($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{PITCH});

	$LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{ROLL}    -= $roll_bias		if defined($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{ROLL});

	$LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{HEADING} -= $heading_bias	if defined($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{HEADING});

}

#======================================================================

# $vv = countValidVels($ens)

#

# NOTES:

#	- in case of Earth coords, this counts the velocity components

#	  (including errvel)

#======================================================================

sub countValidBeamVels($)

{

	my($ens) = @_;

	my($vv) = 0;

	for (my($bin)=0; $bin<$LADCP{N_BINS}; $bin++) {

		$vv += defined($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{VELOCITY}[$bin][0]);

		$vv += defined($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{VELOCITY}[$bin][1]);

		$vv += defined($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{VELOCITY}[$bin][2]);

		$vv += defined($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{VELOCITY}[$bin][3]);

	}

	return $vv;

}

#======================================================================

# $removed = editCorr($ens,$threshold)

#

# NOTES:

#	- called before Earth vels are calculated

#	- count removed velocities in all bins

#======================================================================

sub editCorr($$)

{

	my($ens,$lim) = @_;

	my($nrm) = 0;

	for (my($bin)=0; $bin<$LADCP{N_BINS}; $bin++) {

		for (my($beam)=0; $beam<4; $beam++) {

			next if ($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{CORRELATION}[$bin][$beam] >= $lim ||

					 !defined($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{VELOCITY}[$bin][$beam]));

			undef($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{VELOCITY}[$bin][$beam]);

			$nrm++;

		}

	}

	return $nrm;

}

#======================================================================

# $removed = editCorr_Earthcoords($ens,$threshold)

#

# NOTES:

#	- if any of the used correlations is below the threshold,

#	  the entire velocity is removed

#	- for three-beam solutions two correlations must fail the

#	  test

#	- count velocities in all bins

#======================================================================

sub editCorr_Earthcoords($$)

{

	my($ens,$lim) = @_;

	my($nrm) = 0;

	for (my($bin)=0; $bin<$LADCP{N_BINS}; $bin++) {

		my($nBad) = 0;

		for (my($beam)=0; $beam<4; $beam++) {

			$nBad++ unless ($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{CORRELATION}[$bin][$beam] > $lim);

		}

		if ($nBad-$LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{THREE_BEAM}[$bin] > 0) {

			for (my($beam)=0; $beam<4; $beam++) {

				next unless defined($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{VELOCITY}[$bin][$beam]);

				undef($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{VELOCITY}[$bin][$beam]);

				$nrm++;

			}

		}

	}

	return $nrm;

}

#======================================================================

# $removed = editTilt($ens,$threshold)

#

# NOTES:

#	- called after Earth vels have been calculated

#	- sets TILT field for each ensemble as a side-effect

#	- count all removed velocities

#======================================================================

sub editTilt($$)

{

	my($ens,$lim) = @_;

	$LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{TILT} =

		&angle_from_vertical($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{PITCH},$LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{ROLL});

	return 0 unless ($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{TILT} > $lim);

	my($nrm) = 0;

	for (my($bin)=0; $bin<$LADCP{N_BINS}; $bin++) {

		next unless defined($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{W}[$bin]);

		undef($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{W}[$bin]);

		$nrm++;

	}

	return $nrm;

}

#======================================================================

# $removed = editErrVel($ens,$threshold)

#

# NOTES:

#	- call after Earth vels have been calculated

#	- count only removed vels in selected bin range

#======================================================================

sub editErrVel($$)

{

	my($ens,$lim) = @_;

	my($nrm) = 0;

	for (my($bin)=0; $bin<$LADCP{N_BINS}; $bin++) {

		next unless defined($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{W}[$bin]);

		next if (abs($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{ERRVEL}[$bin]) <= $lim);

		undef($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{W}[$bin]);

		$nrm++ if ($bin>=$LADCP_firstBin-1 && $bin<=$LADCP_lastBin-1);

	}

	return $nrm;

}

#======================================================================

# $removed = editWOutliers($ens,$lim)

#

# NOTES:

#	- call after Earth vels have been calculated

#	- count only removed vels in selected bin range

#	- lim determines how many times the mad an outlier has to be from median

#======================================================================

sub editWOutliers($$)

{

	my($ens,$lim) = @_;

	my($medw) = median(@{$LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{W}});

	my($madw) = mad2($medw,@{$LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{W}});

	my($nrm) = 0;

	for (my($bin)=0; $bin<$LADCP{N_BINS}; $bin++) {

		next unless defined($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{W}[$bin]);

		next if (abs($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{W}[$bin]-$medw) <= $lim*$madw);

		undef($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{W}[$bin]);

		$nrm++ if ($bin>=$LADCP_firstBin-1 && $bin<=$LADCP_lastBin-1);

	}

	return $nrm;

}

#======================================================================

# $removed = editTruncRange($ens,$nbins)

#

# NOTES:

#	- call after Earth vels have been calculated

#	- count only removed vels in selected bin range

#======================================================================

sub editTruncRange($$)

{

	my($ens,$nbins) = @_;

	my($nrm) = 0;

	for (my($bin)=$LADCP{N_BINS}-1; $bin>=0 && $nrm<$nbins; $bin--) {

		next unless defined($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{W}[$bin]);

		undef($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{W}[$bin]);

		$nrm++ if ($bin>=$LADCP_firstBin-1 && $bin<=$LADCP_lastBin-1);

	}

	return $nrm;

}

#======================================================================

# $removed = editFarBins($ens,$first_bad_bin)

#

# NOTES:

#	- call after Earth vels have been calculated

#	- remove data from far bins

#	- only bins in valid range are considered here, because

#	  $per_bin_nsamp is only defined for those

#	- only velocities from bins in valid range are counted

#======================================================================

sub editFarBins($$)

{

	my($ens,$first_bad_bin) = @_;

	my($nrm) = 0;

	for (my($bin)=$first_bad_bin; $bin<=$LADCP_lastBin-1; $bin++) {

		next unless defined($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{W}[$bin]);

		undef($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$ens]->{W}[$bin]);

		$nrm++;

	}

	return $nrm;

}

#======================================================================

# ($nvrm,$nerm) = editSideLobes($fromEns,$toEns,$water_depth)

#

# NOTES:

#	1) When this code is executed the sound speed is known. No attempt is made to correct for

#	   along-beam soundspeed variation, but the soundspeed at the transducer is accounted for.

#	2) for surface sidelobes, water_depth == undef; surface sidelobes include the

#	   vessel draft

#	- all velocities are counted, even those outside valid bin range,

#	  because the %age is not reported

#======================================================================

sub editSideLobes($$$)

{

	my($fe,$te,$wd) = @_;	# first & last ens to process, water depth for sidelobes near seabed

	my($nvrm) = 0;			# of velocities removed

	my($nerm) = 0;			# of ensembles affected

	for (my($e)=$fe; $e<=$te; $e++) {

		next unless numberp($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{CTD_DEPTH});

		my($range) = defined($wd) ? $wd - $LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{CTD_DEPTH} 

								  : $LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{CTD_DEPTH} - $vessel_draft;

		$range = 0 if ($range < 0);								  

		my($sscorr) = $CTD{SVEL}[$LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{CTD_SCAN}] / $LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{SPEED_OF_SOUND};

		my($goodBins) =   ($range - $sscorr*$LADCP{DISTANCE_TO_BIN1_CENTER}) * cos(rad($LADCP{BEAM_ANGLE}))

						/ ($sscorr*$LADCP{BIN_LENGTH})

						- 1.5;

		my($dirty) = 0;

		for (my($bin)=int($goodBins); $bin<$LADCP{N_BINS}; $bin++) { 	# NB: 2 good bins implies that bin 2 is bad

			next unless ($bin>=0 && defined($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{W}[$bin]));

			$dirty = 1;

			$nvrm++;

			undef($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{W}[$bin]);

		}

		$nerm += $dirty;

	}

	return ($nvrm,$nerm);

}

#======================================================================

# ($nvrm,$nerm) = editPPI($fromEns,$toEns,$water_depth)

#

# NOTES:

#	  profile (@DASSprof at 1m resolution) is available

#	- PPI layer is defined by the shortest and longest acoustic paths

#	  between transducer and seabed that contribute significantly to the

#	  backscatter

#		- shortest path (shallow limit):

#			- distance to seabed => sidelobe

#			- min_lim = water_depth - DASSprof[CTD_depth]*DeltaT/2

#		- longest path (deep limit):

#			- outer edge of main lobe of one of the beams (depending on 

#			  instrument tilt)

#			- nominal half-beam apertures at half peak signal strength

#			  (-3dB), RDI BB Primer, pp. 35f (2ND COLUMN)

#				WH1200	1.4		2.4

#				WH600	1.5		2.5

#				WH300	2.2		3.7

#				WH150	4.0		6.7

#				WH75	5.0	    8.4

#			- for WH150, Fig. 23 indicates that half-beam-width 

#			  at -5dB (<1% peak signal strength) is about 5/3 of same

#			  at -3dB => PPI limit choice (3rd column above)

#		- [Plots/2014_P16_043.eps]:

#			- mean tilt of 2 degrees included in effects

#			- finite pulse length means that there actually

#			  is less elapsed time between the end of the sending

#			  and the beginning of the reception than the ping

#			  interval suggests; without it, the PPI peak depth

#			  does not agree with the prediction

#			- note that there is no PPI effect possible above

#			  the dark blue line --- this is a hard limit

#			  (I checked ping interval to within 0.001,

#			  water depth is known better than 2m, sound

#			  speed is accurately accounted for (as indicated

#			  by the cyan line), so the variability above

#			  is due to background variability, which is

#			  consistent with the shape of the curve outside

#			  the PPI layer

#		  	=> PPI peak can be tightly bracketed but care has to

#			   be taken to account for finite beam width & 

#			   instrument beam_tilt = max(|pitch|,|roll|)

#	- while the upper limit of the PPI layer is unambiguous, this

#	  is only true if the recorded ping intervals are accurate

#		- 2014 CLIVAR P16 #47 shows a slight discontinuity in dc_w near

#		  the middle of the upper PPI layer (4000m)

#		- the discontinuity is slightly more pronounced with PPI editing

#	      enabled

#		- setting $PPI_extend_upper_limit = 1.03 (or 1.04, 1.05, 1.1)

#		  reduces the discontinuity to the level without PPI filtering, but

#		  not any better

#		- overall I am not convinced that the discontinuity is related

#		  to PPI; therefore, $PPI_extend_upper_limit is not set by default

#======================================================================

{ my($bha);					# beam half aperture (static scope)

sub editPPI($$$)

{

	my($fe,$te,$wd) = @_;	# first & last ens to process, water depth for downlooker

	my($nvrm) = 0;			# of velocities removed

	my($nerm) = 0;			# of ensembles affected

	unless (defined($bha)) {

		if    (abs($LADCP{BEAM_FREQUENCY}-1200)/1200 <= 0.1) { $bha = 2.4; }

		elsif (abs($LADCP{BEAM_FREQUENCY}-600) / 600 <= 0.1) { $bha = 2.5; }

		elsif (abs($LADCP{BEAM_FREQUENCY}-300) / 300 <= 0.1) { $bha = 3.7; }

		elsif (abs($LADCP{BEAM_FREQUENCY}-150) / 150 <= 0.1) { $bha = 6.7; }

		elsif (abs($LADCP{BEAM_FREQUENCY}-75)  /  75 <= 0.1) { $bha = 8.4; }

		else { error("$0: unexpected transducer frequency $LADCP{BEAM_FREQUENCY}\n"); }

	}

	for (my($e)=$fe; $e<=$te; $e++) {

		next unless numberp($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{CTD_DEPTH});

		next unless ($e > 0);

		my($delta_t)   = $LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{UNIX_TIME} - $LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e-1]->{UNIX_TIME};

		my($dz_max)    = $DASSprof[int($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{CTD_DEPTH})]*$delta_t / 2;

		my($beam_tilt) = max(abs($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{GIMBAL_PITCH}),

							 abs($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{ROLL}));

		my($dz_min)    = $dz_max * cos(rad($LADCP{BEAM_ANGLE} + $beam_tilt + $bha));

		my(@bd) = binDepths($e);

		$dz_max *= $PPI_extend_upper_limit

			if numberp($PPI_extend_upper_limit);

		my($dirty) = 0;

		for (my($bin)=$LADCP_firstBin-1; $bin<$LADCP_lastBin; $bin++) {

			next unless (defined($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{W}[$bin]));

				next unless ($bd[$bin] >= $wd-$dz_max && $bd[$bin] <= $wd-$dz_min);

				next unless ($bd[$bin] <= $dz_max && $bd[$bin] >= $dz_min);

			}

			$dirty = 1;

			$nvrm++;

			undef($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{W}[$bin]);

		}

		$nerm += $dirty;

	}

	return ($nvrm,$nerm);

}

} # static scope for $bha

#======================================================================

# $nerm = editSurfLayer($fromEns,$toEns,$surface_layer_depth)

#

# NOTES:

#	1) When this code is executed the fully corrected instrument and

#	   bin depths are known

#	2) This code was inspired by 2011_IWISE station 8

#	3) No point in counting the deleted velocities

#======================================================================

sub editSurfLayer($$$)

{

	my($fe,$te,$sld) = @_;		# first & last ens to process

	my($nerm) = 0;				# of ensembles affected

	for (my($e)=$fe; $e<=$te; $e++) {

		next unless numberp($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{CTD_DEPTH});

		undef($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{CTD_DEPTH}),$nerm++

			if ($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{CTD_DEPTH} <= $sld);

	}

	return $nerm;

}

#===============================================================================

# $nerm = editBadTimeLagging($fromEns,$toEns,$good_from_elapsed1,$good_to_elapsed1,...)

#

# NOTES:

#	- deleted velocities are not counted

#===============================================================================

sub editBadTimeLagging($$@)

{

	my($fe,$te,@elim) = @_;

	my($nerm) = 0;													# of ensembles removed

	my($i) = 0;

	if ($elim[0] < 0) {												# entire piece is bad

		for (my($e)=$fe; $e<=$te; $e++) {

			undef($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{REFLR_W});

			$nerm++;

		}

	} elsif (defined($elim[1])) {									# limits in elim

		my($e);

		for ($e=$fe; @elim; shift(@elim),shift(@elim)) {

#			print(STDERR "deleting to $elim[0]\n");

			while ($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{ELAPSED} < $elim[0]) {

				undef($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{REFLR_W});

				$nerm++;

				$e++;

			}

#			print(STDERR "keeping to $elim[1]\n");

			while ($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{ELAPSED} < $elim[1]) { $e++; }

	    }

#		print(STDERR "deleting to $LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$te]->{ELAPSED}\n");

		while ($e <= $te) {

			undef($LADCP{ENSEMBLE}[$e]->{REFLR_W});

			$nerm++;

			$e++;

		}

	}

	return $nerm;

}

#======================================================================

# $nerm = editResiduals_rmsMax($fe,$te,$max_val)

#

# NOTES:

#	- removed velocities are not counted

#======================================================================