bottom shadow
navigation bar
BACK | Spatial Thinking | Maps in the Field | Topographic Maps | 3-D Phenomena | NEXT
Top of Page | Table of Contents
grey divider
Students at outcrop
Learning Spatial Layout
Determine angle of bedding
Map making
Map of routes and landmarks
Step 1: Drive participants along a set course, pointing out landmarks.
Field
Geology
image8.gif
Step 2: Ask participants to recall
distances and directions between landmarks.

For example, for direction estimation, participants indicate the direction from one landmark to another on this diagram.
Ishikawa (2002)