Quantitative Seismology, 2nd Edition
Keiiti
Aki
Formerly with Observatoire Volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise
Paul
G. Richards
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University
The
second edition of the Aki-Richards textbook was published by University Science
Books in August 2002 as a hardback.
It appeared in one volume that was a substantial rewrite of the original
two-volume first edition.
In April 2009 the hardback was reprinted as a paperback that corrected many
typos and a few Figures.
The current paperback version of the second edition may be ordered from www.uscibooks.com
Sadly, the death of the senior author in May 2005 is noted. A short memorial to Keiiti Aki was
published in the September/October 2005 issue of Seismological Review
Letters (download 1.6 Mb pdf file).
Feel free to send further corrections and suggestions to Paul Richards, via e-mail to:richards@LDEO.columbia.edu
These web pages are organized around the published book's Table of Contents,
given below. Items within this TOC are linked in a few places to new
material/corrections, etc.
Toward the end of these web pages, are several photos of the senior
author, most of them taken December 2004 at a dinner in celebration of his life
and work.
Regrettably, as indicated above, we accumulated some
typographical errors in the hardback version of 2002 (corrected in the
paperback of 2009).
Here, then, is the current Table of Contents of the paperback version of the
second edition:
Preface
to the paperback version of the second edition
Preface
to the first edition
1. Introduction
Suggestions
for Further Reading
2. Basic Theorems in Dynamic Elasticity
2.1 Formulation
2.2
Stress-Strain Relations and the Strain-Energy Function
2.3
Theorems of Uniqueness and Reciprocity
2.4
Introducing Green's Function for Elastodynamics
2.5
Representation Theorems
2.6
Strain-Displacement Relations and Displacement-Stress Relations in
General Orthogonal Curvilinear Coordinates
Suggestions
for Further Reading
Problems
3. Representation of Seismic Sources
3.1 Representation Theorems for an Internal Surface:
Body-Force Equivalents for Discontinuities in Traction and Displacement
3.2 A Simple Example of Slip on a Buried Fault
3.3 General Analysis of Displacement Discontinuities across
an Internal Surface E
3.4 Volume Sources: Outline of the Theory and Some Simple
Examples
Suggestions for Further Reading
Problems
4. Elastic Waves from a Point Dislocation Source
4.1
Formulation: Introduction of Potentials
4.2 Solution for the Elastodynamic Green Function in a
Homogeneous, Isotropic Unbounded Medium
4.3 The Double-Couple Solution in an Infinite Homogeneous
Medium
4.4 Ray Theory for Far-Field P-waves and S-waves from a
Point Source
4.5 The Radiation Pattern of Body Waves in the Far Field for
a Point Shear Dislocation of Arbitrary Orientation in a Spherically Symmetric
Medium
Suggestions for Further Reading
Problems
5. Plane Waves in Homogeneous Media and Their Reflection and Transmission at
a Plane Boundary
5.1 Basic Properties
of Plane Waves in Elastic Media
5.2 Elementary Formulas for
Reflection/Conversion/Transmission Coefficients
page 148.9, noting the phrase
"and discussed by Russell (1993)", let it read "and discussed by
Russell (1993) and Ramos and Castagna (2001)" [then to the references add
Ramos, Antonio C. B., and John P. Castagna, Useful approximations for
converted-wave AVO, Geophysics, 66: 1721--1734, 2001]
5.3 Inhomogeneous Waves, Phase Shifts, and Interface Waves
5.4 A Matrix Method for Analyzing Plane Waves in Homogeneous
Media
5.5 Wave Propagation in an Attenuating Medium: Basic Theory
for Plane Waves
5.6 Wave Propagation in an Elastic Anisotropic Medium: Basic
Theory for Plane Waves
Suggestions for Further Reading
Problems
new problem
6. Reflection and Refraction of Spherical
Waves; Lamb's Problem
6.1 Spherical
Waves as a Superposition of Plane Waves and Conical Waves
6.2 Reflection of Spherical Waves at a Plane Boundary:
Acoustic Waves
correction to Figures 6.6, 6.12cde
6.3 Spherical Waves in an Elastic Half-Space: The Rayleigh
Pole
6.4 Cagniard-De Hoop Methods for Line Sources
6.5 Cagniard-De Hoop Methods for Point Sources
6.6 Summary of Main Results and Comparison between Different
Methods
Suggestions for Further Reading
Problems
7. Surface Waves in a Vertically Heterogeneous Medium
7.1 Basic
Properties of Surface Waves
7.2 Eigenvalue Problem for the Displacement-Stress Vector
7.3 Variational Principle for Love and Rayleigh Waves
7.4 Surface-Wave Terms of Green's Function for a Vertically
Heterogeneous Medium
7.5 Love and Rayleigh Waves from a Point Source with
Arbitrary Seismic Moment
7.6 Leaky Modes
Suggestions for Further Reading
Problems
8. Free Oscillations of the Earth
8.1 Free
Oscillations of a Homogeneous Liquid Sphere
8.2 Excitation of Free Oscillations by a Point Source
8.3 Surface Waves on the Spherical Earth
8.4 Free Oscillations of a Self-Gravitating Earth
8.5 The Centroid Moment Tensor
8.6 Splitting of Normal Modes Due to the Earth's Rotation
8.7 Spectral Splitting of Free Oscillations Due to Lateral
Inhomogeneity of the Earth's Structure
Suggestions for Further Reading
Problems
9. Body Waves in Media with Depth-Dependent Properties
9.1 Cagniard's
Method for a Medium with Many Plane Layers: Analysis of a Generalized Ray
9.2 The Reflectivity Method for a Medium with Many Plane
Layers
9.3 Classical Ray Theory in Seismology
9.4 Inversion of Travel-Time Data to Infer Earth Structure
Additional explanatory Figures, showing ray
paths and reduced travel-time curves
9.5 Wave Propagation in Media Having Smoothly Varying
Depth-Dependent Velocity Profiles within Which Turning Points Are Present
9.6 Body-Wave Problems for Spherically Symmetric Earth
Models in Which Discontinuities are Present between In homogeneous Layers
9.7 Comparison between Different Methods
Suggestions for Further Reading
Problems
10. The Seismic Source: Kinematics
10.1
Kinematics of an Earthquake as Seen at Far Field
10.2 Kinematics of an Earthquake as Seen at Near Field
Suggestions for Further Reading
Problems
11. The Seismic Source: Dynamics
11.1 Dynamics
of a Crack Propagating with Prescribed Velocity
11.2 Dynamics of Spontaneous Planar Rupture Propagation
Suggestions for Further Reading
Problems
12. Principles of Seismometry
12.1 Basic Instrumentation
12.2 Frequency and Dynamic Range of Seismic Signals and
Noise
12.3 Detection of Signal
Suggestions for Further Reading
Problems
Appendix 1: Glossary of Waves
Appendix 2: Definition of Magnitudes
Index
[Paul is
working on a full set of answers to the problems given at the end of each
chapter.]
Reviews
The Leading Edge, issue of March 2003, pages 272--273.
The provenance of the picture used on the back cover of the second edition
may be of some interest. Here is that picture:
The picture is derived from an original photo taken by Tom Henyey in March 2000,
on the occasion of Kei's retirement from the University of Southern California.
See below, for this original.
Kei apparently had a preference for white, Paul for red. But a (no doubt)
wise editorial decision avoided depiction of such issues.
In 2003, Kei and Paul attended the IUGG/IASPEI meetings in Sapporo,
Japan. Again, the preference for
red and white:
In December 2004 in San Francisco, when Kei was awarded AGU’s highest honor
(the Bowie medal), Willie Lee and John McRaney organized
a splendid and very happy dinner and celebration of Kei’s life and
accomplishments. Here are some of
the pictures on that occasion (all taken by Paul).
The first was on the night of the actual award; the others, at the dinner
honoring Kei:
